Reply To: District Heiligenbeil – History of Newspapers

The köllmischen free of the office Balga after the condition of 1681

Heiligenbeiler newspaper summer 1920)

In the past, the Köllmischer Freien formed a special stand, killing their goods according to the Köllmischer Rechte, which is named after the town of Kulm. Thereafter, the estate was able to inherit sons and daughters after the death of the father. He could sell it too. They were free from the miners’ service, but during the war they had to put a rider with horse and harness. That would give you an easy service. Since the free ones only had about 4 to 8 hooves on average, all the outdoors of a village together performed this service. As a rule, they delivered 1 bushel of wheat and a bushel of grain to Martini in Balga, usually from the plow (about 2½ hooves). Then, as a sign that they recognized the reign of the Order (for the record or the confession of reign), they had annually received a Celtic penny. To deliver pennies and a spasm and wax. These services still existed when East Prussia had long since become a duchy. Today, these special rights and special duties have long been dissolved. Since the abolition of the Scharwerk in the abolition of hereditary activity from 1808 to 1815, the social special position of the free is more and more disappeared. Only in the churches do they still have their special stalls. Many of these Köllmischen economies have become great goods by buying farms, others have remained unchanged. Many are, as the list shows, still today after centuries in the same family, others have passed to female lines. Of most former free-living but still many descendants in the district of Heiligenbeil.

The year numbers indicate the year of foundation or award by the Order. The originals of the documents are usually still with the owners. Copies are in the State Archives of Königsberg im Schloss.

From the year 1681 is still a precise list available. In all, there were 59 volunteers in 1681, who together held 336 hooves.

– Gallingen is occupied by 3 Freie 1681: George Böhm, Andreas Kantel and Hans Hinzke. Everyone has 3 hooves.

– Steindorf has 1681 3 Free: Hans Drews, Peter Boehm and Merten Kruger.

– Mingen has 1681 2 free: George Dumbbell and Peter Tolkmit, together 16 1/2 hooves.

– Lehnhöfen has 1681 3 free: Peter Höpfner, Christoph and Matthes Tiedemann together 15 1/2 hooves.

– Neuwecken has 1681 2 free: Christoph Thiel and George Baumgart together 7 hooves, perform 2 services with horse and harness.

– Kildehnen has 1681 2 Free: Peter and Hans Tolkemitt together 12 1/2 hooves.

– Bregden has 1681 1 Free, Michel Birth with 4 hooves.

– Rohmansgut has 1681 1 Free: Friedrich Kantel with 6 hooves.

– Pores (1494) has 1681 2 Free: Hans Dumbbell and Jakob Kroß.

– Weißels (1398) has 1 Outdoors 1681: Friedrich Dumbbell with 4 hooves.

– Klaußitten (1637) has 1 Free 1681 Martin Gruel with 3 hooves 20 acres.

– Woydittcken (1623) has 1 Free 1681: Christian Götlich, Wildnisbereiter.

– Gedau (1639) Gedau has 1681 5 free: Friedrich Schulz, Hans Tolkmith, Michel Tolksdorff, Friedrich Radau, Peter Schwark together 22 hooves 11 acres, 1 perform a proficient service.

– Oerbabdeb / 1498) has 2 Free 1681: George Tolkmit and George Sternberg together 16 1/2 hooves.

– Preuss. Thierau (1469) has 2 Free 1681: George Böhm and Hans Bruchmann, together 12 hooves.

– Matternhöfen (1546) has 1 Free Jakob Maypole with 10 hooves.

– Bartken (1495) has 2 Free 1681: Andreas Sternberg and George Belgarth, together 9 hooves.

– Quilitten (1422) has 2 Free 1681: Ambrosius Birth and Michel Gruel together 18 hooves.

– Gabditten (1495) has 2 Free 1681: Jakob Kienast and Hans Hintzmann together 8 hooves 10 acres.

– Schleppstein (1493) has 2 Free 1681: George Tiedemann and Hans Lange, together 12 1/2 hooves.

– Bickiehnen (1560 and 1568) has 1 Free 1681: Martin Schröter 5 hooves.

– Nemeritten (1425, 1509 and 1508) has 4 Free 1681: Peter Radau, Salomin Beyer, Friedrich Mick, Michel Schirrmacher together 13 hooves.

– Kupgallen (1494, 1535) has 1 Outdoors 1681: Friedrich Steinhagen with 6 hooves

– Bickiehnen (1560 and 1568) has 1 Free 1681: Martin Schröter 5 hooves.

– Kirschdorf (1358) has 2 Free 1681: Peter Ahrend and Friedrich Perband, together 11 hooves.

– Mahlendorf has 2 Free 1681: Hans Höpner (= Hans Döpner, which is based on a spelling error in that document.The number of his descendants in various villages of the district with the exception of Pr. Bahnau is not to count) and Peter Böhm, together 10 hooves.

– Schirten (7 Handholds of 1319, 1533, 1499, 1534, 1429, 1497 and 1488) 5 Freie 1681: Hans Hübner, George Bötcher, Peter Blumenthal, Christoph Kuhnke, Augustin Böhm, together 26 hooves.

– Clausssitten (1496) has 2 Free 1681: George Behr and Hans Blankenberg total 5 hooves 20 acres.

– Kupgallen (1614) has 1 outdoors: Christoph Kirschnick 3 1/2 hooves.

– Cumgarben (1439 and 1440) has 3 Free 1681: Michell Schicknick, George Hartmann, Michel Rob total 12 hooves

– Nemmeritten (1487) has 2 free: Framitz-Hermann, Peter Klein with 7 hooves.

– Gedilgen (1584) has 1 Freeman Hans Hagen.

– Prussian Bahnau, Gelitten (now belonging to Pr. Bahnau) and Wermten belonged to the office Carben.

– Wohlau (Handveste 1506) 1 Free in 1681: Jakob Roß with 6 Huben.

– These free are called free farmers, because they do not live in villages alone, but in larger farming villages.